Keyboard shortcuts

Press or to navigate between chapters

Press S or / to search in the book

Press ? to show this help

Press Esc to hide this help

IUPAC Ambiguity

Queries and references may contain any of the 16 IUPAC nucleotide symbols. Two symbols match when their base sets share at least one nucleotide.

CodeBasesCodeBases
AANA C G T
CCRA G
GGYC T
TTSG C
WA T
KG T
MA C
BC G T
DA G T
HA C T
VA C G

For example, a query N matches any base; a query R matches A or G (and any ambiguity code whose base set includes one of them).

CPU/GPU parity

Both paths use the same compatibility lookup — compatible_symbols on the CPU and the COMPAT table in WGSL on the GPU. Parity tests enforce that the two stay in sync, so a query returns the same matches whether it runs on the CPU or the GPU.

Opting out

If you want strict A/C/G/T matching where ambiguity codes never match (useful for peer-comparable benchmarks), build with the ExactDna alphabet instead of the default. See Custom Alphabets.